Jamiaca: Facts & Stats

ECONOMY

Industry:

The manufacturing sector is an essential contributor to the Jamaican economy. Though manufacturing accounted for 13.9% of GDP in 1999. Jamaican companies contribute many manufactures such as:

• food processing;
• oil refining;
• produced chemicals;
• construction materials;
• plastic goods;
• paints;
• pharmaceuticals;
• cartons;
• leather goods;
• cigars;
• assembled electronics
• textiles and apparel.

The garment industry is a major job employed thousands of locals and they formed 12.9% of exports in 1999 earning US$159 million dollars. Chemicals formed 3.3% of the exports in 1999 earning US$40 million dollars.

An oil refinery is located near Kingston converts crude petroleum obtained from Venezuela into gasoline and other products. These are mainly for local use. The construction industry is growing due to new hotels and attractions being built for tourism. Construction and installation formed 10.4% of the GDP in 1999.

Manufactured goods were imported and formed 30.3% of the imports and cost US$877 million dollars in 1999.

Agriculture:

Jamaican agriculture, along with forestry and fishing accounts for about 6.6% of GDP in 1999. Sugar, the leading export crop, is produced in nearly every parish. Sugar production in 2000 was estimated at 175,000 tons, a decrease from 290,000 tons in 1999. Sugar formed 7.1% of the exports in 1999 & Jamaica formed 4.8% of production in the Caribbean. Sugar is also used for the production of by-products such as molasses, rum & some wallboard is made from bagasse. Banana production in 1999 was 130,000 tons. Bananas formed 2.4% of the exports in 1999 & Jamaica formed 7.5% of production in the Caribbean.

Coffee is mainly grown around the Blue Mountains and in hilly areas, where one type, Blue Mountain coffee, is considered among the best in the world because at those heights in the Blue Mountains the cooler climate causes the berries to take longer to ripen and the beans develop more of the substances which on roasting give coffee its flavor. Coffee formed 1.9% of the exports in 1999. The picking season lasts from August to March. The coffee is exported from Kingston.

Cocoa is grown throughout Jamaica and local sales absorb about 1/3 of the output to be made into instant drinks and confectionery. Citrus fruit is mainly grown in the central parts of Jamaica, particularly between the elevations of 1,000-2,500 feet.The picking season lasts from November to April. Two factories in May Pen and Bog Walk produces fruit juices, canned fruit, essential oils & marmalade. Coconuts are grown on the northern and eastern coasts, which provide enough copra to supply factories to make butterine, margarine, lard, edible oil & laundry soap.

Other export crops are pimento, ginger, tobacco, sisal and other fruit are exported. Rice is grown around swampy areas around the Black River & around Long Bay in Hanover and Westmoreland parishes for local consumption.

Tourism:

Tourism is tied with remittances as Jamaica's top source of revenue. The tourism industry earns over 50 percent of the country's total foreign exchange earnings and provides about one-fourth of all jobs in Jamaica. Most tourist activity is centered on the island's northern coast, including the communities of Montego Bay, Ocho Rios, and Port Antonio, as well as in Negril on the island's western tip.

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